SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (14, 13, 20, 15, 18)

Query time 0.00047

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "11.92"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
      "access_type": "index",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_group_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "6",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 49,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 30,
      "filtered": "61.22",
      "using_index": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "5.92",
        "eval_cost": "6.00",
        "prefix_cost": "11.92",
        "data_read_per_join": "480"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "group_id"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`atulecarter_atul_demo1`.`cscart_product_variation_group_products`.`group_id` in (14,13,20,15,18))"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
289 13
297 13
298 13
299 13
300 14
303 14
304 14
305 14
306 14
307 14
308 14
309 14
310 14
311 14
312 14
313 14
314 14
315 14
316 14
317 15
318 18
319 15
320 15
321 15
322 15
323 15
329 18
330 18
331 18
334 20
335 20